Thyroid Cancer
Malignant cell growth in the thyroid gland; includes four main types: papillary, follicular, medullary and anaplastic.
Papillary and follicular types are well-differentiated cancers with generally excellent prognosis. Medullary cancer secretes calcitonin and may be associated with MEN2 syndromes. Anaplastic thyroid cancer is the most aggressive form.
Standard treatment is total thyroidectomy with neck dissection when indicated. Radioactive iodine ablation is used as adjuvant therapy in differentiated cancers; thyroxine suppression therapy helps prevent recurrence.
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