Reference

Medical Dictionary

300 ENT terms selected from a 3,008-entry working corpus. Entries are readable; organic publication requires documented medical review.

Medical review is in progress

These 300 entries are accessible for information. Entries without documented medical sign-off remain excluded from search indexing and entry-level medical structured data.

Rhinoplasty & Nasal Surgery(105)Thyroid & Parathyroid(78)ENT — General(80)Otology & Ear(37)Head & Neck Oncology(0)Laryngology & Voice(0)

Rhinoplasty & Nasal Surgery

105 selected terms

Nasal Obstruction

Reduced nasal airflow due to anatomical, mucosal or dynamic causes that requires structured ENT assessment.

Turbinate Hypertrophy

Enlargement of the nasal turbinates that narrows the airway and is commonly assessed in chronic nasal obstruction.

Radiofrequency Turbinate Reduction

A minimally invasive procedure aiming to reduce turbinate volume using controlled thermal energy.

Submucosal Turbinate Resection

A surgical technique that reduces excess tissue or bone beneath the turbinate mucosa while preserving the lining.

Rhinoplasty Recovery Timeline

The post-rhinoplasty period involving splinting, swelling, bruising and gradual settling of final results.

Rhinoplasty Splint

An external support used after rhinoplasty to protect nasal bones and soft tissues early in healing.

Bruising After Rhinoplasty

A temporary discoloration and tissue reaction that may appear around the eyes after rhinoplasty.

Swelling After Rhinoplasty

Post-rhinoplasty edema of the nose and surrounding tissues that gradually decreases over months.

Timing of Revision Rhinoplasty

The timing at which corrective surgery after primary rhinoplasty can be safely and meaningfully planned.

Nasal Analysis

Pre-surgical evaluation dividing the face into thirds and fifths; measuring nasal length, tip projection, rotation and nasolabial angle norms before rhinoplasty.

Nasal Dorsum

The nasal bridge composed of bony and cartilaginous components; hump deformity, reduction, and augmentation options are central rhinoplasty topics.

Alar Base

Alar base width should normally equal the intercanthal distance; a wide or flaring alar base is narrowed with the Weir excision technique.

Nasal Tip

Tip-defining points, projection and rotation; dome-binding, interdomal, and columellar sutures plus the shield graft are central to aesthetic rhinoplasty.

Tension Nose

Tension nose deformity featuring a high dorsum, long nose and acute nasolabial angle; corrected with caudal septal shortening, dorsal reduction and cephalic tip rotation.

Over-Projected Nose

Deformity where the tip projects excessively forward beyond a Goode ratio of 0.60; large lower lateral cartilages and a long caudal septum are the main causes.

Under-Projected Nose

Deformity where the nasal tip fails to project adequately with a Goode ratio below 0.55; small lower lateral cartilages and a weak septum are primary causes, frequently seen in Asian rhinoplasty.

Dorsal Hump

A nasal bridge prominence composed of bony and cartilaginous components; osteotomy is required after component reduction (osteotome/scissors) to prevent an open-roof deformity.

Rhinoplasty Complications

Early or late problems such as infection, haematoma, asymmetry and breathing difficulty; they should be recognised quickly and assessed by the surgeon.

Inverted-V Deformity

Middle-vault collapse with visible caudal nasal bone edges after hump reduction; spreader grafts prevent this deformity.

Alar Collapse

External valve insufficiency causing nasal obstruction on inspiration; internal valve angle <10 degrees; treated with alar batten or spreader graft.

Alloderm Graft

Acellular dermal matrix used for dorsal camouflage; avoiding a donor site is an advantage, but volume behaviour can vary between patients.

Dorsal Onlay Graft

Onlay graft augmenting flat or saddle dorsum; donor site is septal, conchal or rib cartilage; secure fixation is essential.

Post-Rhinoplasty Care Instructions

Care rules for glasses, sun exposure, contact sports, nasal hygiene and sleeping position are applied according to the surgeon's individual protocol.

Ethnic Rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty approach tailored to non-Caucasian nasal anatomy, addressing skin thickness and cultural aesthetic norms through augmentation or reduction techniques.

Cephalic Trim

Limited resection from the cephalic (upper) margin of the lower lateral cartilage; tip refinement achieved while preserving a minimum 6 mm lateral crural strip.

Alar Base Resection

Removal of 2–4 mm of tissue via Weir or sill excision to narrow the nasal base; planned with canthus-to-alar ratio assessment.

Dome Binding Suture

Transdomal suture technique that narrows tip width by approximating the two domes; applied with 5-0 PDS.

Facial Analysis for Rhinoplasty

Systematic assessment using facial thirds, Goode ratio (0.55–0.60), nasofrontal angle (115–130°), and nasolabial angle norms for rhinoplasty planning.

Lower Lateral Cartilage

Paired cartilaginous structure forming the nasal tip and alar rim (medial, middle, and lateral crura); the primary determinant of tip support and shape.

Upper Lateral Cartilage

Paired cartilage forming the middle third of the nasal dorsum; critical for functional nasal patency with internal nasal valve angle 10–15° and keystone area.

Extracorporeal Septoplasty

Advanced technique for severe septal deviation involving complete removal, reshaping, and reimplantation of the septal cartilage.

Nasal Silicone Implant

Silicone implants used in augmentation rhinoplasty; extrusion risk 3–8%, infection risk higher compared to autologous cartilage.

Suture Rhinoplasty

Technique that shapes the nasal tip using only interdomal, transdomal, and columellar sutures without grafts, yielding natural results but carrying relapse risk.

Columellar Show

Normal columellar exposure visible on lateral view is 2–4 mm; alar retraction and columellar hanging are the main causes disrupting this ratio.

Lateral Crural Strut Graft

Structural cartilage graft placed beneath the lateral crus to correct alar collapse and external nasal valve insufficiency.

Batten Graft Placement

Flat cartilage graft placed over the pyriform aperture in the alar or lateral crural region to correct internal and external nasal valve collapse.

Rhinoplasty Patient Selection

AAFPRS patient selection criteria encompassing psychological screening, BDD red flags, age requirements, and skin type assessment.

Rhinoplasty Outcome Measurement

Systematic assessment using the FACE-Q Rhinoplasty patient-reported outcome scale, photographic analysis, and the 12-month stabilisation rule.

Graft Resorption

Partial or complete absorption of cartilage grafts used in rhinoplasty over time; survival rates varying by donor site.

Smoking and Rhinoplasty

Smoking impairs wound healing; 4-week cessation recommendation, increased complication risk, and skin necrosis danger.

Nasal Skeleton Anatomy

The nasal skeleton consists of the bony vault, upper lateral cartilages, lower lateral cartilages, and septum; the keystone area is the central surgical reference point.

Tip Suture Techniques

In rhinoplasty, tip sutures — transdomal, interdomal, columellar, and lateral crural mattress — are fundamental techniques that shape skeletal position without grafts.

Nasal Tip Support Mechanisms

Tardy's 6 major and 6 minor nasal tip support mechanisms determine which structures the surgeon must disrupt and which must be preserved.

Rhinoplasty Anesthesia Options

Rhinoplasty is performed under general anesthesia or deep sedation; local infiltration with epinephrine 1:100,000 clarifies the surgical field and reduces blood loss.

Nasal Symmetry Assessment

Nasal symmetry assessment uses photographic reference lines, cephalometric landmarks, and intraoperative techniques; perfect symmetry is biologically unattainable.

Intercrural Suture

The intercrural (medial crural) suture joins the two medial crura, narrowing the intercrural angle and affecting tip projection and rotation.

Scroll Area Anatomy

The scroll area is where the upper and lower lateral cartilages overlap; this overlap forms a critical structural bridge supporting the internal nasal valve.

Alar Base Surgery

Alar base surgery — Weir excision or sill excision depending on flaring or width problems — must always be the last step of the operation.

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