Treatment Index
Accepted Treatments — A-Z Index
Six pillars (nose & sinus, head & neck oncology, ENT general, laryngology, otology, thyroid endocrine), 40+ sub-procedures, ENT emergencies, pediatric treatments, and the full index of 70+ in-depth blog articles. If your procedure is not on this page, please reach out to the coordinator.
Which procedures and conditions are treated?
The treatment spectrum is organised around six pillars: (1) Nose and sinus surgery (functional rhinoplasty, septoplasty, FESS, revision). (2) Head & neck oncology (lip, floor-of-mouth, HPV+ oropharynx, larynx, thyroid, parotid, neck dissection, multidisciplinary tumor board). (3) ENT general (tonsil, adenoid, sleep apnea, hoarseness). (4) Laryngology (vocal-fold lesion, voice surgery, LPR). (5) Otology (otitis media, cholesteatoma, cochlear implant, vertigo, facial palsy). (6) Thyroid and endocrine surgery (thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy, papillary microcarcinoma active surveillance). ENT emergencies (epistaxis, foreign body, laryngeal edema, orbital complication, temporal-bone trauma, sudden hearing loss) are assessed within hours. Pediatric cases start from age 3. The list is expanded on this page; all procedures are reachable from /hizmetler, all articles from /blog.
Pillar index — core treatment areas (alphabetical)
Nose and sinus surgery (Rhinology): functional rhinoplasty, septoplasty, turbinate surgery, endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), septal deviation correction, revision rhinoplasty, ethnic rhinoplasty, male rhinoplasty, 3D-simulation rhinoplasty, drooping nasal tip, nasal-bone deviation. Hub page: /rinoplasti.
Cancer and oncology (Head & Neck Oncology): lip cancer, floor-of-mouth cancer, tongue cancer, oropharyngeal cancer (HPV+), laryngeal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, salivary-gland tumors (parotid, submandibular), thyroid cancer, head & neck skin cancer, cervical lymph-node metastasis. Hub page: /kanser.
ENT general (Otolaryngology): chronic tonsillitis, adenoid hypertrophy, sleep apnea/snoring, hoarseness, post-nasal drip, neck-mass workup, head & neck trauma, foreign body (ear/nose/throat), allergic rhinitis. Hub page: /kbb.
Laryngology and voice surgery: vocal-fold polyp/nodule/cyst, vocal-fold paralysis, laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), professional voice care, microlaryngoscopy, transoral laser microsurgery (TLM), spasmodic dysphonia, papillomatosis. Hub page: /laringoloji.
Otology and neurotology: chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, tympanoplasty, cochlear implant, bone-conduction implant (BAHA), Ménière disease, vertigo, tinnitus, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, facial palsy (Bell), Ramsay Hunt syndrome, acoustic neuroma. Hub page: /otoloji.
Thyroid and endocrine surgery: thyroid nodule, multinodular goiter, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves disease, thyroid cancer (papillary, follicular, medullary), parathyroid adenoma, primary hyperparathyroidism, thyroidectomy (total/lobectomy), papillary microcarcinoma active surveillance. Hub page: /tiroid.
Sub-procedures — alphabetical list (40+ entries)
Adenoidectomy, acoustic neuroma surgery, allergy testing and immunotherapy, sudden sensorineural hearing-loss treatment, head & neck reconstruction (microvascular free flap), Bell palsy management, neck dissection (selective, modified radical, radical), neck-mass excision.
Cosmetic rhinoplasty (closed / open technique), pediatric adenotonsillectomy, lip cancer excision and reconstruction, lip-tie / frenulum surgery, endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), surgical management of epistaxis, ethnic rhinoplasty.
Facial nerve decompression, functional rhinoplasty, airway management (including emergency tracheotomy), HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer TORS (transoral robotic surgery), hearing implants (cochlear, BAHA, middle-ear), prominent ear surgery (otoplasty), choanal atresia repair, cholesteatoma surgery.
Laryngectomy (partial, total), lateral rhinotomy, laser voice surgery, mastoidectomy, microlaryngoscopy and phonomicrosurgery, microvascular free-flap reconstruction, nasal valve repair, orbital-complication management (sinusitis complication).
Parathyroidectomy, parotidectomy (superficial, total), revision rhinoplasty, septoplasty, sialendoscopy (for salivary stones), spasmodic dysphonia botulinum injection, submandibular gland excision, tinnitus sound therapy.
Thyroidectomy (total, lobectomy, completion), tonsillectomy, transoral laser microsurgery (TLM), tracheotomy (planned, emergent), TORS — transoral robotic surgery, salivary stone removal (sialolithotomy), sleep apnea surgery (UPPP, airway surgery), uvuloplasty.
Vertigo workup + treatment (BPPV maneuvers, vestibular rehab), vocal-fold lesion excision (polyp, nodule, cyst), vocal-fold medialization, foreign-body removal (ear / nose / airway).
Full procedure list available on /hizmetler; each procedure is reachable from its pillar page. The list is updated continuously; if the procedure you need is not listed, please contact the coordinator.
ENT emergencies — assessment needed within hours
Epistaxis (nosebleed) — uncontrolled: 20+ minutes ongoing, bilateral, with hypotension. If anterior packing fails, posterior packing or surgical coagulation (sphenopalatine artery ligation).
Foreign body — ear / nose / airway: children at risk of beads / toy parts / button battery ingestion. Battery and magnet ingestion are emergencies — must be removed within hours (mucosal burn, perforation risk).
Acute laryngeal edema / angioedema — airway compromise: hoarseness + stridor + dyspnea. Anaphylactic or infectious (epiglottitis, deep neck abscess). Emergency airway — intubation or emergency tracheotomy may be needed.
Orbital complication (sinusitis-related): proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, sudden visual loss — orbital cellulitis / abscess can develop from ethmoiditis or frontal sinusitis. Surgical drainage decision within 12-24 hours.
Temporal bone trauma — after head trauma: hearing loss + facial palsy + CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) otorrhea. Temporal-bone fracture and facial-nerve integrity assessment is urgent — CT + ENG / neurology consult.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: steroid treatment should start within 72 hours; delayed treatment risks permanent hearing loss. Urgent audiological workup.
Emergency triage: the coordinator line is open 24/7. In emergencies you are first directed to the nearest emergency department in your country — we plan the next steps from there. Detail: /vaka-akisi-sureci step 1 emergency triage.
Pediatric treatments — children ENT surgery
Adenoid surgery: most common pediatric ENT procedure ages 3-10. Indications: recurrent upper respiratory infection, mouth breathing, snoring, sleep apnea. Detailed blog: cocuklarda-geniz-eti-ameliyati.
Tonsillectomy: minimum age 3, average 5-8 years. Indications: 5+ tonsillitis episodes per year, peritonsillar abscess, sleep apnea. Modern techniques (coblation, laser) provide less pain + faster recovery. Detailed blog: cocuklarda-tonsil-ameliyati-endikasyon.
Choanal atresia repair (congenital nasal passage closure): bilateral choanal atresia is a neonatal emergency (feeding + breathing). Unilateral is an elective endoscopic repair around 1-2 years of age.
Lip tie / frenulum surgery (ankyloglossia): for children with feeding difficulty, speech delay, restricted lateral lip motion. Laser or scissor technique — best in most cases between 6 months and 2 years.
Pediatric otitis media treatment: most common 6 months to 3 years. Recurrent acute otitis media → ventilation tube (ear tube) placement. Detailed blog: cocuklarda-otitis-media-kulak-iltihabi.
Pediatric hearing-loss workup: newborn screening, unilateral hearing loss (new page), early cochlear implant candidacy (12-24 months critical window). Detailed blog: tek-tarafli-isitme-kaybi-pediatrik.
Cleft lip / palate early surgery: lip 3-6 months, palate 9-18 months. Multidisciplinary team: plastic surgery, ENT, orthodontics, speech therapy, feeding specialist. Detailed blog: dudak-damak-yarigi-erken-cerrahi.
Pediatric anaesthesia differences: pediatric anaesthesiologist required, pediatric dosing, parent-present induction (parent stays until induction), parent at bedside in recovery. JCI-accredited hospital standard.
Oncologic treatments — head & neck cancer spectrum
Lip cancer: typically squamous cell, more common on lower lip (UV exposure). Early stage: wide excision + lip reconstruction. Detailed blog: dudak-kanseri-erken-tani.
Floor-of-mouth cancer: often near mandible — early stage: partial mandibulectomy + neck dissection + radial forearm free-flap reconstruction. Detailed blog: agiz-tabani-kanseri-cerrahi.
Oropharyngeal cancer (HPV+): increasing incidence over the last decade. HPV+ tumors have better prognosis; TORS (transoral robotic surgery) is preferred. NCCN-guided multidisciplinary tumor-board decision. Detailed blogs: orofarinks-kanseri-hpv-prognoz, hpv-ve-bas-boyun-kanseri.
Laryngeal cancer: early stage (T1/T2) — laser microsurgery (TLM) or single-dose radiotherapy, voice-preserving. Advanced stage (T3/T4) — total or partial laryngectomy + neck dissection. Detailed blogs: larinks-kanseri-erken-tani, sigara-larenks-iliskisi.
Thyroid cancer: papillary (most common, good prognosis), follicular, medullary, anaplastic. Standard: total thyroidectomy ± neck dissection ± radioactive iodine. Active surveillance option for low-risk microcarcinoma. Detailed blog: tiroid-papiller-mikrokarsinom-aktif-izlem.
Parotid gland tumors: 80% benign (pleomorphic adenoma), 20% malignant. Superficial parotidectomy (facial-nerve preserving) standard. Malignant cases: total parotidectomy + neck dissection + adjuvant radiotherapy. Detailed blog: parotis-bezi-tumorleri.
Neck dissection: selective (levels I-III or II-IV — depending on tumor location), modified radical (levels I-V, nerve-sparing), radical (sacrifices nerve + vein + sternocleidomastoid). Detailed blogs: boyun-disseksiyonu-rehberi, boyun-spinal-aksesuar-sinir-koruyucu.
Tumor board: every oncologic case is presented to the multidisciplinary team — ENT, medical oncology, radiation oncology, pathology, radiology, plastic surgery. Hub page: /multidisipliner-tumor-konseyi.
Radiotherapy side-effect management: mucositis, xerostomia, trismus, fibrosis — supportive care protocols. Detailed blog: bas-boyun-radyoterapi-yan-etkileri-yonetimi.
All blog articles — in-depth reading
Nose-sinus blogs: burun-tikanikligi-nedenleri, septum-deviasyonu-rehberi, kronik-sinuzit-tedavi, burun-eti-buyumesi-nazal-polip, post-nazal-akinti-geniz-akintisi, post-covid-koku-kaybi, agusi-koku-bozuklugu-degerlendirme, allerjik-rinit-yillik-plan, bahar-alerjisi-tedavisi, epistaksis-burun-kanamasi-yonetim, ucakta-burun-tikanikligi, burun-airway-darligi-fonksiyonel-test.
Rhinoplasty blogs: 3d-simulasyon-rinoplasti, burun-estetigi-fiyatlari-2026, burun-estetigi-oncesi-hazirlik, burun-kemigi-egriligi-vs-septum-deviasyonu, burun-ucu-asagi-dusme-rinoplasti, erkek-rinoplasti-farkliliklari, etnik-rinoplasti-orta-dogu-akdeniz, revizyon-rinoplasti-rehberi, rinoplasti-sonrasi-iyilesme-rehberi, rinoplasti-vs-septoplasti-farki, yaz-aylarinda-burun-estetigi, kis-aylarinda-burun-sagligi.
Oncology blogs: agiz-tabani-kanseri-cerrahi, boyun-disseksiyonu-rehberi, boyun-spinal-aksesuar-sinir-koruyucu, boyunda-kitle-ne-zaman-endise, dudak-kanseri-erken-tani, hpv-ve-bas-boyun-kanseri, larinks-kanseri-erken-tani, orofarinks-kanseri-hpv-prognoz, parotis-bezi-tumorleri, sigara-larenks-iliskisi, bas-boyun-radyoterapi-yan-etkileri-yonetimi.
Thyroid blogs: hashimoto-tiroiditi-yasamak, parathyroid-adenom-hiperkalsemi, rln-injury-tiroidektomi-sonrasi-ses-kisikligi, tiroid-bezi-belirtileri-kadinlarda, tiroid-nodulu-takibi-vs-ameliyat, tiroid-papiller-mikrokarsinom-aktif-izlem, tiroidektomi-sonrasi-yasam.
Otology blogs: fasiyal-paralizi-bell-felci-tedavi, isitme-kaybi-yetiskinlerde-degerlendirme, koklear-implant-yetiskin-endikasyon, kolesteatoma-mastoid-cerrahi, menieres-hastaligi-tani-tedavi, ramsay-hunt-sendromu-kulak-felci, tek-tarafli-isitme-kaybi-pediatrik, timpanoplasti-kulak-zari-tamiri, tinnitus-kulak-cinlamasi-tedavisi, vertigo-bas-donmesi-tani.
Laryngology + voice blogs: lpr-larengofaringeal-reflu-ses-etkisi, ses-cerrahisi-mikrolarengoskopi, ses-cerrahisi-vokal-fold-lezyonu, ses-kisikligi-nedenleri-tedavi, ses-tellerini-koruma-rehberi, horlama-uyku-apnesi-tedavisi.
Pediatrics blogs: cocuklarda-geniz-eti-ameliyati, cocuklarda-otitis-media-kulak-iltihabi, cocuklarda-tonsil-ameliyati-endikasyon, dudak-bagi-frenulum-cerrahi, dudak-damak-yarigi-erken-cerrahi, kepce-kulak-ameliyati-otoplasti.
ENT general blogs: kbb-acil-durumlari, kbb-yabanci-cisim-kulak-burun-acil, tukurok-bezi-taslari-sialolithiasis, preoperatif-kaygi-anksiyete-yonetimi, istanbulda-kbb-cerrahi-secimi, saglik-turizmi-istanbul-rehberi.
Summary card list for all articles: /blog. If you are looking for a specific topic, use the search feature in the top menu or message the coordinator on WhatsApp directly.
Frequently Asked Questions
- The index is updated continuously, but it is impossible to list every individual case need on a single page. Message the coordinator on WhatsApp with the procedure name — if it falls within ENT / head & neck scope you receive a detailed reply; if it is outside scope you are referred to an appropriate Turkish center (e.g. general surgery, neurosurgery, plastic reconstructive surgery).
- For international patients we accept international travel health insurance, private overseas insurances (Allianz, Bupa, Cigna and similar) and medical-tourism insurances such as TUR Sigorta. See /sigorta-iade-rehberi for reimbursement details; case-specific pre-authorisation is handled by the coordinator.
- The five most frequent: (1) Functional rhinoplasty / septoplasty combined, (2) Endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), (3) Total thyroidectomy (cancer or multinodular goiter), (4) Tonsillectomy (pediatric and adult), (5) Head & neck oncologic surgery (neck dissection + primary tumor excision). All procedures are detailed on /hizmetler.
- Yes. Revision rhinoplasty, previously failed laryngeal/thyroid surgery, post-radiotherapy reconstruction, multidisciplinary head & neck oncology — all openly accepted. Such cases are planned via tumor-board or surgical-council decisions (detail: /multidisipliner-tumor-konseyi). For a second opinion see /ikinci-fikir.
- Standard minimum age is 3 (for tonsillectomy, adenoid surgery). For some emergency procedures cases aged 6 months to 3 years are accepted (e.g. neonatal choanal atresia repair, ventilation tubes above 6 months, lip tie above 6 months). Pediatric anaesthesiologist and JCI-accredited hospital children's ward are standard. For rhinoplasty the minimum age is 18 (after bone growth completion).
- The coordinator line (WhatsApp + international number) is open 24/7. However, in emergencies you are first advised to go to the nearest emergency department in your country — remote services are limited. Once initial emergency triage is in place we respond within 4 hours (urgent oncology triage applied). Detail: /vaka-akisi-sureci step 1 emergency triage.